Determinants, Benefits and the Risks of Foreign Direct Investment for Assignment

Determinants, Benefits and the Risks of Foreign Direct Investment for Developing Countries - Assignment Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that for the host nation, it gives new innovations, items, abilities of the executives, capital, reinforces its cash and in this way prompts financial turn of events. In any case, these advantages are not understood consequently and uniformly. Engineering of global venture and national arrangements are significant in pulling in FDI to many creating nations and in acknowledgment of its full advantages for improvement. In spite of the fact that FDI is useful to both host and home nations, it additionally emerge a few expenses to them. The advantages which a host nation expects depend on the co-activity of its legislature. In creating nations, for example, Kenya, FDI contributes a ton in their monetary turn of events and the administrations are endeavoring to draw in it. In reality, the worldwide market for these ventures is exceptionally serious and nations look for them to improve their advancement endeavors. Remote Direct Investment is re spected to be less inclined to an emergency in light of the fact that the immediate speculators ordinarily have long haul plans while taking part in such interests in have nations. It is likewise accepted that FDI significantly contributes a great deal to the financial development of a host nation than different sorts of capital inflows. Accordingly, this paper looks to basically analyze the determinants, the advantages and the dangers of Foreign Direct Investment in creating nations. It will in general comprehensively break down the components that draw in outside ventures, the advantages that the nation means to pick up from direct remote speculation and the perils related with these sorts of speculations. Remote direct venture determinants allude to the components (political, financial and social factors) that can draw in or prevent outside speculators from putting resources into a specific nation. Stable economy, political soundness and great societal position are probably going to pull in remote speculations. In any case, shakiness in these three regions will frighten financial specialists off.

Week 10 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Week 10 - Assignment Example Urinary tract contaminations are the most widely recognized ailments among youngsters. The condition makes trouble the kid attributable to the negative indications. If not treated, urinary tract contaminations can result to perpetual kidney harm (Fisher et al., 2015). Typically, urinary tract contaminations create when the pathogens present in the pee, and those which have colonized the periurethral area climb into the bladder through the urethra. From the bladder, the pathogens can spread further up into the kidneys and now and again into the circulation system. A portion of the variables that may encourage passage of microorganisms into the bladder incorporate voiding brokenness, catheterization, sex and genital control (Fisher et al., 2015). Poor cleanliness can likewise incline one to urinary tract contaminations. In light of the contextual analysis, the patient might be having the repetitive contaminations because of poor cleanliness. She utilizes a similar room with her more youthful kin, and cleanliness might be sketchy in such a circumstance. More data ought to be assembled on her sexual encounters to decide whether she was attacked or explicitly manhandled. The way that she has had three resulting diseases in the previous a half year likewise raises the need to examine the circumstance further. The intermittent contamination may likewise highlight mis-analysis by the wellbeing experts who recently assessed her. Accordingly, she will be required to introduce documentation on her past sickness to empower the doctors decide the right game plan. Likewise, it has been indicated that uropathogenic Escherichia coli is connected to repetitive and tenacious urinary tract diseases (Tapiainen et al., 2011). Lab tests: Urine tests will be required for lab testing to decide the pathogen causing the contamination, and the suitable decision of drug. Escherichia coli is a causative operator, representing a vast dominant part of urinary tract diseases in youngsters (Albert et

Eating Disorders in Children and Tweens

Eating Disorders in Children and Tweens Eating Disorders Symptoms Print Eating Disorders in Children and Tweens By Jennifer O'Donnell Jennifer ODonnell holds a BA in English and has training in specific areas regarding tweens, covering parenting for over 8 years. Learn about our editorial policy Jennifer O'Donnell Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Rachel Goldman, PhD, FTOS on February 11, 2020 Rachel Goldman, PhD FTOS is a licensed psychologist, clinical assistant professor, speaker, wellness expert specializing in weight management and eating behaviors.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Rachel Goldman, PhD, FTOS on February 11, 2020 Image Source / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention School-based studies of 8- to 13-year-olds have found that between 20%â€"56% report dieting. While this is shocking, and while actual eating disorders in children this young are still relatively uncommon, anorexia nervosa has been identified in children as young as seven years old. Importantly, eating disorders in children and tweens look different than eating disorders in teens and adults. For this reason, eating disorders in younger people are often misdiagnosed. Parents need to understand what eating disorders can look like in children and teens. Differences in Children and Tweens Children and tweens are less likely to have disturbances in body image, often seen as the hallmark of an eating disorder. Thus, a parent whose child loses weight and shows less interest in eating, but doesn’t express fear of being fat, may be thrown off course. Young patients with eating disorders are more likely to be male than older patients with eating disorders. Younger patients with eating disorders are also less likely to report bingeing or purging and are less likely to have tried diuretics or laxatives to lose weight. A diagnosis of avoidant restrictive intake disorder (ARFID) is also more common in younger patients.   Instead of rapid weight loss, younger patients may fail to make expected gains in weight or height. Children and adolescents who start out in higher weight categories may develop eating disorders and are at risk for delayed diagnosis. Any weight loss in a growing child is not normal and should always be a cause for concern. Exercise, a common symptom of an eating disorder in older teens and adults, may also appear different in children and tweens. Younger people are less likely to engage in goal-directed exercise such as running or going to the gym. Yet, they may exhibit behaviors that look like hyperactivity such as running around, pacing, and refusing to sit when others do such as while watching television. While older teens may give an explanation of dieting for the reasons they are not eating particular foods, children and tweens are less likely to give a coherent reason for their refusal to eat certain foods. They may just start rejecting certain foods or complain of stomach aches. This can also throw parents off the track. Warning Signs of Eating Disorders in Children Eating disorders can have dangerous medical consequences. A child with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or other eating disorder can develop malnutrition, anxiety, and depression, as well as damage to the teeth, esophagus, gums, and internal organs. Eating disorders can also be fatal. Eating Disorder Warning Signs To be sure your child isnt developing an eating disorder, be on the lookout for the following signs and symptoms: Weight loss or lack of weight gain in a growing child (even if that child was previously in a larger body)Refusal to eat foods previously enjoyed (often with no explanation as to why)Dieting, talk about dieting or preoccupation with losing weightNegative comments about their body shape or associated behaviors such as wearing loose clothingIncreased anxiety at mealtimes, claiming they have already eaten, and/or making excuses to avoid mealsHyperactivity or excessive exercise (there may be no obvious connection to attempts at weight loss)Preoccupation with cooking, watching cooking shows, reading recipes, and/or cooking for others and refusing to eat what they have madeLarge quantities of food missing (could indicate binge eating)Going to the bathroom and/or showering after meals (could indicate purging)Other less specific symptoms sometimes noticed by parents before their children were diagnosed include anxiety, changes in sleep patterns, social withdrawal, mood swings, depression, an gry outbursts, irritability, and physical symptoms (such as dizziness or stomach pain). Signs Your Teens Might Have an Eating Disorder Taking Action If you suspect your child is displaying signs of an eating disorder, youll have to take action. Discuss your concerns with your child, but be aware that many children and tweens with eating disorders will not admit there is a problem even when there is one. Next, share your concerns with your childs pediatrician. Consider consulting a mental health professional who specializes in eating disorders for advice and support. Be aware that not all pediatricians are adept at spotting an eating disorder in its early stages. Even if they reassure you that everything is okay and you remain concerned, trust your gut and continue to seek guidance and observe your child. If your child is diagnosed with an eating disorder, be aware that there are many different treatment options. Research these options carefully. Early diagnosis and treatment lead to the best chances for long-term recovery. Eating Disorders Every Parent Should Know About

Jane Austen’S Pride And Prejudice Is One The World’S Most

Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is one the world’s most popular novels. It was published in 1813, Pride and Prejudice was Jane Austen s second novel after Sense and Sensibility in 1811. It portrays the situation in the late 18th and early 19th century in England. Set in the country village of Longbourn in Hertfordshire The plot focuses on Elizabeth Bennet, the protagonist and her sisters and the constant endeavors of their parents, Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet to get their daughters married to successful and wealthy alliances. The Bennets have five unmarried daughters— Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, Kitty, and Lydia. When Mr.Bingley and Mr.Darcy move into the neighborhood the Bennets take this as an opportunity to get their daughters married†¦show more content†¦Bennet whose constant endeavors to get her daughters married to rich husbands are clear in the very first chapter of the novel. The irony lies in the fact that the first line states that a good sin gle man in a possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife but conversely we see that it is the women who make desperate attempts to find suitable matches for them and to preserve and increase their fortunes in future. This line thus gives the readers an insight into the aesthetics and politics of Jane Austen. The 19th century in which the narrative was written was an age of an economic change. But it had a very negative impact on the role and importance of woman. During this time there was a lack of opportunities for women. They were dependent on men to earn a better living and livelihood. This state of woman is very finely highlighted by Austen in her text Pride and Prejudice. According to Diane Morris, â€Å"Pride and Prejudice and Zombies† starts with.† â€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged that a zombie in possession of brains must be in want of more brains.† He also read one of the similar lines in 811 issue of The Gentleman’s Magazine in the section titled â€Å"Additions and Corrections,† that read â€Å"It is universally allowed that no professional man ever rendered more substantial services to the agriculture of his country than the late Mr. Kent.† Also in John Reid’s 1806 book on consumption, he came across the following sentence in a footnote: â€Å". . . it is a factShow MoreRelatedEssay Significance of Jane Austen1948 Words   |  8 PagesJane Austen is celebrated worldwide, her books have led to movies, television series, and those who admire her life; her talent allowed her to capture her readers with the themes, love, marriage, and expectations of 19th century women. On December 16th 1775, English literature changed with the birth of Jane Austen. One of eight; her father encouraged her to grow and prosper at a young age. She was closest with her only sister Cassandra. The Austen children were educated mainly at home, primarilyRead MoreSignificance of Jane Austen Essay1979 Words   |  8 Pagesof approach to grasp the attention of her readers. She also frequently writes about the expectations of women in 19th century women. On December 16th 1775, English literature changed with the birth of Jane Austen. One of eight; her father encouraged her to grow and thrive at a young age. Jane and her only sister Cassandra were inseparable. â€Å"Cassandra (1773-1845), was Janes closest friend throughout her life and was known in the family for her steady character and sound judgment.†(Kelly) The AustenRead More Pride and the Prejudice 1543 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The power of doing anything with quickness is always prized much by the possessor, and often without any attention to the imperfection of the performance.† (1) Said Mr Darcy. This is one of the worlds most popular novels, Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice has charmed readers since its publication of the story of the amusing Elizabeth Bennet and her relationship with the aristocrat Fitzwilliam Darcy. During this essay it will explore the construction of characters, in particular it will be ElizabethRead MoreMansfield Park; Empire Orienta lism from Edward Said Essay1437 Words   |  6 PagesSummarise Edward Said’s argument in his essay ‘Jane Austen and Empire’ and then show whether you support or refute it. Edward Said’s analysis of Jane Austen’s narrative in her 3rd novel ‘Mansfield Park’ (1814) is based on his own studies of ‘orientalism’. This term is defined by Said as a variety of false assumptions /depictions of Eastern people within Western attitudes. This is achieved, he argues, through the literary discourse provided by post-enlightenment, post-colonial American/EuropeanRead MoreMen Are The Worst Thing Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pages Louis C.K. has a joke that men are the worst thing to happen to women. The number one cause of death in women, is men. Conversely, the number one cause of death in men, is heart disease (Vafa). Logically, the survival rate of women would rise if heart disease plagued half the population. I suppose we could force feed lard to our male comrades, in the name of women everywhere. However, that seems a little brutal, and very messy. The more humane option is adopting the â€Å"power in numbers† strategyRead More Womens Rights in Pride and Prejudice Persuasion by Jane Austen5483 Words   |  22 Pagesâ€Å"Are women allowed to say No†, in Pride and Prejudice / Persuasion by Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice (whose original title was First Impressions) was written in 1796-1797 when Jane Austen was 21 years old and first published in 1813. It tells us the story of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy, who will overcome the pride and prejudice they feel towards each other to find mutual happiness. Persuasion was written between 1815 and 1816. The main character, Anne Elliot, has suffered unhappiness after

Ethics Codes For Social Work Essay - 2215 Words

Since the beginning of the profession the role of the social worker has changed. Gone are the days of simple charity and assistance for the poor. Now, social work has evolved into a vast profession that stretches its boundaries to many different entities. Schools, hospitals, mental health centers and community agencies are a few places where social workers are needed. Due to the growth and need for social workers, national organizations dedicated to the ethical practices of social workers developed codes of ethics which serves as a guide to the ethical and moral practices of social work. The National Association of Social Workers and the National Association of Black Social Workers are two organizations responsible for developing codes of ethics for social workers. This paper will look at the ethics codes for each organization to compare and contrast each. The goal is to find similarities and differences that can be tailored to successful social work programs. What is Social Work There are many humanitarian careers available in the United States. Social work is among these philanthropic career choices. Social work is the professional activity of helping people, families, groups, or communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and for creating conditions favorable to that goal. (Baker, 2003) Social workers make important contributions to society. Social workers provide a broad range of services. Professionals practicing this line of workShow MoreRelatedThe Social Work Code Of Ethics1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe primary mission of the social work profession is deeply rooted in a specific set of core values. These strict set of beliefs are embraced by professional history and are the framework to social work s unique purpose and mission. The six core values include Service, Social Justice, Dignity and Worth of the Person, Importance of Human Relationships, Integrity, and Competence. As Social Workers begin or continue their journey in social work it is significant to always properly represent, and advanceRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics And Social Work1336 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Social work BSW students, generally, come from different background, experience, profession or without any professional experience. Mostly, social work professionals or students choose this career because they like helping profession or have some personal histories to relate to this profession. It is often heard that social workers require a good heart and competencies to work in micro, mezzo, or macro practice. Competency of social workers is one of the core guiding principles of theRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics And The Social Work1562 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the social work profession, one of the main goals is promoting social justice and changing the lives of individuals, and with that goal in mind, it is imperative that the Core Values are followed closely. By definition from DuBois and Miley, â€Å"eradicating injustices and inequalities to ensure social justice and to protect human rights is the call to action for social workers† (DuBois Miley, 2014, p.47). Over tim e the profession of social work evolved, and eventually the National AssociationRead MoreSocial Work Code Of Ethics2359 Words   |  10 PagesSocial workers play an integral role in the face of social injustice and the disproportionate distribution of resources in the lives of the less privileged and troubled individuals. With reference to the National Association of Social Work Code of Ethics (n.d.), Social Work practitioners are guided by the intertwinement of set core values; service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, essentials of human relations, integrity and competence. Each of these core values is directed at theRead MoreThe Australian Code Of Ethics For Social Work1591 Words   |  7 PagesThe Australian Code of ethics for Social work AASW (2003), which replicates the highest international ethical standards, conditions a respectable social worker to exhibit ethical awareness in their field of work, whilst observing the standards of accountability (Hugman, Pittaway Bartolomei 2011, p.1272). Social workers, indifferent to their type of service are encouraged to promote ethical values and standards. However, the shift to ethics in research involving human participation was particularlyRead MoreThe Australian Code Of Ethics For Social Work1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe Australian Code of Ethics for Social Work AASW (2003), which replicates the highest international ethical standards, conditions a respectable social worker to exhibit ethical awareness in their field of work, whilst observing the standards of accountability (Hugman, Pittaway Bartolomei 2011, p.1272). Social workers, indifferent to their type of service are encouraged to promote ethical values and standards. However, the shift to ethics in research involving human participation was particularlyRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics Is The Number One Mission For The Social Work Profession1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe NASW Code Of Ethics is the number one mission for the social wo rk profession. This is fundamental for all social workers to appreciate human wellbeing, as well as, help them meet the basic human needs of each person. Social workers should as well give full attention to the empowerment and rights of those that are vulnerable, distressed, and living in poverty. Social workers are the ones that promote social justice and social change on behalf of clients. Also, social workers seek to enhance theRead MoreThe Codes Of Ethics Of The American Counseling Association1667 Words   |  7 Pagesassociations establish codes of ethics to ensure that clinicians uphold the standards of their association in order to protect the clients they serve and the profession they are affiliated with. This paper will compare the codes of ethics of the American Counseling Association (ACA), American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT), and National Association of Social Workers (NASW). ACA Code of Ethics The ACA is an educational, scientific, and professional organization that works to accomplishRead MoreEthics And Code Of Ethics1359 Words   |  6 Pagesethical codes in which it is useful to become aware of these differences for your future employment in working with a variety of professionals. Future coworkers may have different views and opinions however, a code of ethics will individualize these professionals and set standards. By making yourself aware of the differences, communication can become easier between employees of various backgrounds. Two particular organizations to compare may include the American Counseling Association Code of EthicsRead MoreValues and Ethics in Social Work, Cultural Competency Essay1076 Words   |  5 PagesIn the National Association for Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics, there are many standards a social worker should uphold in order to promote a healthy and helpful relationship with the client. One such aptitude is Cultural Competence and S ocial Diversity, which is in section 1.05 of the NASW code of ethics (National Association of Social Workers, 2008). There are three sections associated with this competency â€Å"Social workers should understand culture and its function in human behavior and society

Simple Des Free Essays

William Stallings Copyright 2006 Supplement to Cryptography and Network Security, Fourth Edition Prentice Hall 2006 ISBN: 0-13-187316-4 http://williamstallings. com/Crypto/Crypto4e. html 8/5/05 Simplified DES, developed by Professor Edward Schaefer of Santa Clara University [SCHA96], is an educational rather than a secure encryption algorithm. We will write a custom essay sample on Simple Des or any similar topic only for you Order Now It has similar properties and structure to DES with much smaller parameters. The reader might find it useful to work through an example by and while following the discussion in this Appendix. C. 1 Overview Figure C. 1 illustrates the overall structure of the simplified DES, which we will refer to as SDES. The S-DES encryption algorithm takes an 8-bit block of plaintext (example: 10111101) and a 10-bit key as input and produces an 8-bit block of ciphertext as output. The S-DES decryption algorithm takes an 8-bit block of ciphertext and the same 10-bit key used to produce that ciphertext as input and produces the original 8-bit block of plaintext. The encryption algorithm involves five functions: an initial permutation (IP); a complex function labeled fK, which involves both permutation and substitution operations and depends on a key input; a simple permutation function that switches (SW) the two halves of the data; the function fK again; and finally a permutation function that is the inverse of the initial permutation (IP–1). As was mentioned in Chapter 2, the use of multiple stages of permutation and substitution results in a more complex algorithm, which increases the difficulty of cryptanalysis. The function fK takes as input not only the data passing through the encryption algorithm, but also an 8-bit key. The algorithm could have been designed to work with a 16-bit key, consisting of two 8-bit subkeys, one used for each occurrence of fK. Alternatively, a single 8-bit key could have been used, with the same key used twice in the algorithm. A compromise is to use a 10-bit key from which two 8-bit subkeys are generated, as depicted in Figure C. 1. In this case, the key is first subjected to a permutation (P10). Then a shift operation is performed. The output of the shift operation then passes through a permutation function that produces an 8-bit output (P8) for the first subkey (K1 ). The output of the shift operation also feeds into another shift and another instance of P8 to produce the second subkey (K 2 ). We can concisely express the encryption algorithm as a composition1 of functions: which can also be written as: IP-1 o fK2 o SW o fK1 o IP ((( ciphertext = IP-1 fK 2 SW fK1 (IP(plaintext )) where ( K1 = P8 Shift (P10(key )) ! ( ( ))) ) K2 = P8 Shift Shift( P10( key)) )) Decryption is also shown in Figure C. and is essentially the reverse of encryption: ((( plaintext = IP-1 fK1 SW fK 2 (IP(ciphertext )) 1 ))) Definition:! f f and g are two functions, then the function F with the equation y = F(x) = I g[f(x)] is called the composition of f and g and is denoted as F = g o f . C-2 8/5/05 We now examine the elements of S-DES in more detail. C. 2 S-DES Key Generation S-DES depends on the use of a 10-bit key shared between send er and receiver. From this key, two 8-bit subkeys are produced for use in particular stages of the encryption and decryption algorithm. Figure C. 2 depicts the stages followed to produce the subkeys. First, permute the key in the following fashion. Let the 10-bit key be designated as (k1 , k2 , k3 , k4 , k5 , k6 , k7 , k8 , k9 , k10). Then the permutation P10 is defined as: P10(k1 , k2 , k3 , k4 , k5 , k6 , k7 , k8 , k9 , k10) = (k3 , k5 , k2 , k7 , k4 , k10, k1 , k9 , k8 , k6 ) P10 can be concisely defined by the display: 3 5 2 7 P10 4 10 1 9 8 6 This table is read from left to right; each position in the table gives the identity of the input bit that produces the output bit in that position. So the first output bit is bit 3 of the input; the second output bit is bit 5 of the input, and so on. For example, the key (1010000010) is permuted to (1000001100). Next, perform a circular left shift (LS-1), or rotation, separately on the first five bits and the second five bits. In our example, the result is (00001 11000). Next we apply P8, which picks out and permutes 8 of the 10 bits according to the following rule: P8 6 3 7 4 8 5 10 9 The result is subkey 1 (K1 ). In our example, this yields (10100100) We then go back to the pair of 5-bit strings produced by the two LS-1 functions and perform a circular left shift of 2 bit positions on each string. In our example, the value (00001 11000) becomes (00100 00011). Finally, P8 is applied again to produce K2 . In our example, the result is (01000011). C. 3 S-DES Encryption Figure C. 3 shows the S-DES encryption algorithm in greater detail. As was mentioned, encryption involves the sequential application of five functions. We examine each of these. Initial and Final Permutations The input to the algorithm is an 8-bit block of plaintext, which we first permute using the IP function: IP 2 6 3 1 4 8 5 7 This retains all 8 bits of the plaintext but mixes them up. At the end of the algorithm, the inverse permutation is used: C-3 8/5/05 1 3 IP–1 57 2 8 6 It is easy to show by example that the second permutation is indeed the reverse of the first; that is, IP–1(IP(X)) = X. The Function fK The most complex component of S-DES is the function fK, which consists of a combination of permutation and substitution functions. The functions can be expressed as follows. Let L and R be the leftmost 4 bits and rightmost 4 bits of the 8-bit input to fK, and let F be a mapping (not necessarily one to one) from 4-bit strings to 4-bit strings. Then we let fK(L, R) = (L ! F(R, SK), R) where SK is a subkey and ! s the bit-by-bit exclusive-OR function. For example, suppose the output of the IP stage in Figure C. 3 is (10111101) and F(1101, SK) = (1110) for some key SK. Then fK(10111101) = (01011101) because (1011) ! (1110) = (0101). We now describe the mapping F. The input is a 4-bit number (n 1 n2 n3 n4 ). The first operation is an expansion/permutation operation: 4 1 2 E/P 32 3 4 1 For what follows, it is clearer to depict the result in this fashion: n4 n2 n1 n3 n2 n4 n3 n1 The 8-bit subkey K1 = (k11, k12, k13, k14, k15, k16, k17, k18) is added to this value using exclusiveOR: n4 ! 11 n2 ! k15 n1 ! k12 n3 ! k16 n2 ! k13 n4 ! k17 n3 ! k14 n1 ! k18 p0,1 p1,1 p0,2 p1,2 p0,3 p1,3 Let us rename these 8 bits: p0,0 p1,0 The first 4 bits (first row of the preceding matrix) are fed into the S-box S0 to produce a 2bit output, and the remaining 4 bits (second row) are fed into S1 to produce another 2-bit output. These two boxes are defined as follows: C-4 8/5/05 0 S0 = 1 2 3 0 â€Å"1 $3 $0 $3 # 1 0 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 3 2% 0†² 3†² 2†² ; 0 S1 = 1 2 3 0 â€Å"0 $2 $3 $2 # 1 1 0 0 1 23 2 3% 1 3†² 1 0†² 0 3†² The S-boxes operate as follows. The first and fourth input bits are treated as a 2-bit number that specify a row of the S-box, and the second and third input bits specify a column of the Sbox. The entry in that row and column, in base 2, is the 2-bit output. For example, if (p0,0p0,3) = ! (00) and (p0,1p0,2) = (10), then the output is from row 0, column 2 of S0, which is 3, or (11) in binary. Similarly, (p1,0p1,3) and (p1,1p1,2) are used to index into a row and column of S1 to produce an additional 2 bits. Next, the 4 bits produced by S0 and S1 undergo a further permutation as follows: P4 2 4 3 1 The output of P4 is the output of the function F. The Switch Function The function fK only alters the leftmost 4 bits of the input. The switch function (SW) interchanges the left and right 4 bits so that the second instance of f K operates on a different 4 bits. In this second instance, the E/P, S0, S1, and P4 functions are the same. The key input is K2 . C. 4 Analysis of Simplified DES A brute-force attack on simplified DES is certainly feasible. With a 10-bit key, there are only 2 10 = 1024 possibilities. Given a ciphertext, an attacker can try each possibility and analyze the result to determine if it is reasonable plaintext. What about cryptanalysis? Let us consider a known plaintext attack in which a single plaintext (p1 , p2 , p3 , p4 , p5 , p6 , p7 , p8 ) and its ciphertext output (c1 , c2 , c3 , c4 , c5 , c6 , c7 , c8 ) are known and the key (k1 , k2 , k3 , k4 , k5 , k6 , k7 , k8 , k9 , k10) is unknown. Then each ci is a polynomial function gi of the pj ‘s and kj ‘s. We can therefore express the encryption algorithm as 8 nonlinear equations in 10 unknowns. There are a number of possible solutions, but each of these could be calculated and then analyzed. Each of the permutations and additions in the algorithm is a linear mapping. The nonlinearity comes from the S-boxes. It is useful to write down the equations for these boxes. For clarity, rename (p0,0, p0,1,p0,2, p0,3) = (a, b, c, d) and (p1,0, p1,1,p1,2, p1,3) = (w, x, y, z), and let the 4-bit output be (q, r , s, t) Then the operation of the S0 is defined by the following equations: q = abcd + ab + ac + b + d r = abcd + abd + ab + ac + ad + a + c + 1 where all additions are modulo 2. Similar equations define S1. Alternating linear maps with these nonlinear maps results in very complex polynomial expressions for the ciphertext bits, making cryptanalysis difficult. To visualize the scale of the problem, note that a polynomial equation in 10 unknowns in binary arithmetic can have 210 possible terms. On average, we might therefore C-5 8/5/05 expect each of the 8 equations to have 29 terms. The interested reader might try to find these equations with a symbolic processor. Either the reader or the software will give up before much progress is made. C. 5 Relationship to DES DES operates on 64-bit blocks of input. The encryption scheme can be defined as: IP-1 o fK16 o SW o fK15 o SW oL o SW o f K1 o IP A 56-bit key is used, from which sixteen 48-bit subkeys are calculated. There is an initial permutation of 64 bits followed by a sequence of shifts and permutations of 48 bits. Within the encryption algorithm, instead of F acting on 4 bits (n1 n2 n3 n4 ), it acts on 32 bits (n1 †¦n32). After the initial expansion/permutation, the output of 48 bits can be diagrammed as: n32 n4 †¢ †¢ †¢ n28 n1 n5 n29 n2 n6 †¢ †¢ †¢ n30 n3 n7 n4 n8 n31 n32 n5 n9 †¢ †¢ †¢ n1 This matrix is added (exclusive-OR) to a 48-bit subkey. There are 8 rows, corresponding to 8 S-boxes. Each S-box has 4 rows and 16 columns. The first and last bit of a row of the preceding matrix picks out a row of an S-box, and the middle 4 bits pick out a column. C-6 10-bit key ENCRYPTION DECRYPTION P10 8-bit plaintext 8-bit plaintext Shift IP-1 IP K1 fK P8 K1 fK Shift SW SW K2 fK P8 K2 fK IP–1 IP 8-bit ciphertext 8-bit ciphertext Figure C. 1 Simplified DES Scheme 10-bit key 10 P10 5 5 LS-1 LS-1 5 5 P8 K1 8 LS-2 LS-2 5 5 P8 K2 8 Figure C. 2 Key Generation for Simplified DES 8-bit plaintext 8 IP 4 fK 4 E/P 8 F 8 + 4 4 2 K1 2 S0 S1 P4 4 + 4 SW 4 fK 4 E/P 8 F 8 + 4 4 2 K2 2 S0 S1 P4 4 + 4 IP–1 8 8-bit ciphertext Figure C. 3 Simplified DES Encryption Detail How to cite Simple Des, Papers

Speak Softly, You May Be Heard The Art of Leadership

Available literature demonstrates that leadership has been observed in nearly all civilizations of the world, from prehistoric era to contemporary times. As a matter of fact, a number of researchers and psychology theorists progress the notion that leadership is one of the most observed and practiced phenomena on earth since it happens even in the absence of proper structures and frameworks for sustenance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social psychological research, according to Vugt (2006), demonstrates that a leader-follower relationship develops spontaneously even when groups are formed without leaders. This has led various leaders to project a widely held perception that leadership is intrinsically a universal human behavior. This paper purposes to critically analyze the art of leadership with a view to understan d how leaders are able to achieve allegiance among followers even when force or threat of force is not used to effect allegiance. Leadership has been defined and described in numerous ways in the existing psychological literature. Broadly, however, leadership can be defined as a process of influence that is largely aimed at fulfilling or attaining mutual goals (Vugt, 2006; Frey et al., 2009). The concept is often regarded as the result of a social process in which interacting individuals or groups of individuals synchronize their actions towards the attainment of shared objectives. In this respect, good leaders must always first examine the needs and expectations of followers and put them at heart by developing mechanisms through which such needs can be achieved voluntarily (Dollarhide Gibson, 2008). A wealth of psychological literature have concentrated on not only the personality correlates of leadership, called the trait approach to leadership, but also on the leader’s fu nctions and styles in the light of task demands and the expectations of followers, called the situational approach to leadership (Vugt, 2006). In the trait approach, traits such as power, ambition, focus, intelligent, forward-looking, competent, inspiring, and extraversion are used by leaders to achieve allegiance from followers towards supporting a common objective. Coerciveness, compulsiveness, and irrational traits have also been used by such leaders as Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, and the disgraced Mobutu Sese Seko, but they have proved to be largely ineffectual and unpopular among followers (Maxwell, 1998). In the situational approach, good leaders are known to work hard to enhance the capacity of followers to meet the needs and expectations of a given situation, while unpopular leaders may not bear such an interest at heart. Leadership is at times perceived and described in terms of a quantitative trait, that is, everyone has the capacity to lead to some degree, but there exi st comprehensible divergences in the propensity to lead (Vugt, 2006). This perspective projects the view that leadership is first and foremost a function of the situation, and every individual can be a leader in the right conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While this may be true, the perspective falls back to the trait and situational perspectives, discussed earlier, since a leader must have some distinguishable traits, not mentioning the fact that he or she cannot lead in a vacuum – there must be an existing condition or situation that obliges the services of a leader (Dollarhide Gibson, 2008). Leaders such as President Barrack Obama and Martin Luther King have been known for their oratory prowess. Using the social coordination theory, it can be demonstrated how the two leaders have used their oratory prowess to rally followers towards achieving their needs and expectations through initiating group action while concurrently maintaining group cohesion (Vugt, 2006; Frey et al., 2009). As such, it can be argued that they utilize the social coordination theory to achieve good outcomes, and have been able to draw a large following due to their intelligence, ambition, competence, and their forward-looking nature, not because of coercive or self-assertive nature. On the other hand, leaders such as Hitler and Saddam Hussein preferred to utilize the bossy and controlling byproduct dominance theory, and failed in their attempts to lead and unify their followers though they may have been popular in some quarters (Maxwell, 1998). All in all, the fact that leadership depends on both trait and situational perspectives have been well demonstrated in this paper. The paper has also highlighted the distinct advantages involved in leading people for social coordination as opposed to leading for domination and control. Still, it has been revealed that al though leaders may have some innate characteristics of leadership (Scharf Mayseless, 2009), how they endear themselves to the followers through the development of certain attributes of leadership is of critical importance in determining their effectiveness as leaders. Reference List Dollarhide, C.T., Gibson, D.M. (2008). Individual psychology in school counselor leadership: Implications for practice. Journal of Individual Psychology, 64(4), 468-479. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier DatabaseAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Frey, M., Kern, R.M., Snow, J., Curlette, W.L. (2009). Lifestyle and transformational leadership style. Journal of Individual Psychology, 25(3), 212-240. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier Database Maxwell, J.C. (1998). The 21 irrefutable laws of leadership: Follow them and people will f ollow you. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, Inc Scharf, M., Mayseless, O. (2009). Socio-emotional characteristics of elementary school children identified as exhibiting social leadership qualities. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 70(1), 73-96. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier Vugt, M. (2006). Evolutionary origins of leadership and followership. Personality Social Psychology Review, 10(4), 354-371. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier Database This research paper on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership was written and submitted by user Demarcus Fischer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Famous Christmas Quotes

Famous Christmas Quotes There is something about Christmas that makes everyone feel spirited, happy, and excited. Christmas brings out the child within. The festive air is contagious; even the most despairing soul cannot help but feel enthused by the vibrancy of the season. Famous Christmas Quotes Happy holidays! Enjoy your eggnog while you read these famous Christmas quotes. Deborah WhippLike snowflakes, my Christmas memories gather and dance each beautiful, unique and too soon gone. Mary Ellen ChaseChristmas, children, is not a date. It is a state of mind. John Greenleaf WhittierFor somehow, not only at Christmas, but all the long year through,The joy that you give to others is the joy that comes back to you. Charles DickensI will honor Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year. Janice MaeditereChristmas is not as much about opening our presents as opening our hearts. W. J. CameronChristmas is the gentlest, loveliest festival of the revolving year and yet, for all that, when it speaks, its voice has strong authority. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowI heard the bells on Christmas Day; their old familiar carols play, and wild and sweet the word repeat of peace on earth, good-will to men! Shirley TempleI stopped believing in Santa Claus when I was six. Mother took me to see him in a department store and he asked for my autograph. Walter Scott, Sr.Heap on the wood! the wind is chill;But let it whistle as it will,Well keep our Christmas merry still. Helen KellerThe only blind person at Christmas time is he who has not Christmas in his heart. Norman Vincent PealeChristmas waves a magic wand over this world, and behold, everything is softer and more beautiful. Alexander SmithChristmas is the day that holds all time together. Hamilton Wright MabiBlessed is the season which engages the whole world in a conspiracy of love. Christina G. RossettiLove came down at Christmas; love all lovely, love divine; love was born at Christmas, stars and angels gave the sign. Calvin CoolidgeChristmas is not a time nor a season, but a state of mind. To cherish peace and goodwill, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas.

How to Deal With Suckers and Watersprouts on Trees

How to Deal With Suckers and Watersprouts on Trees In horticulture, the terms  sucker  and  watersprout  refer  to vigorous new shoots that grow from root stock or dormant bud tissue on trunks and branches. They are mostly a problem on fruit trees and some types of landscape trees. Suckers and watersprouts may occur on any tree when the tree has experienced stressful conditions, such as drought, severe pruning, or loss of a limb.   Watersprouts vs. Suckers Watersprouts and suckers are similar, but not exactly the same. They differ primarily in their location on the tree. A sucker is effectively a new propagation of a tree, but one that originates at the basil root level rather than by a seed. Suckers typically sprout up from below ground level, or very near the ground. They grow up as an extension of the roots. On grafted trees, such as many fruit trees, the sucker will sprout up below the level of the graft. If left to grow, the new tree will have the characteristics of the root stock tree, not the grafted stock. Such suckers should be removed when they appear. Certain species of trees typically propagate themselves through this type of reproduction, and suckers are also common on them. Privet and hazel trees are two such species. Here, too, suckers are considered invasive  and should be removed. Left unattended, suckers can gradually overtake a yard.   A watersprout is a form of shoot that originates above ground,  on the trees trunk or branches at the location of latent bud tissues. Watersprouts are very likely to arise in response to pruning or damage to the tree, such as branches broken off in storms. They are undesirable because the tissues in a watersprouts are not as strong as normal branches. In fruit trees, watersprout branches normally produce little, if any, fruit.   Sucker sprouts and water sprouts can sometimes provide clues to a  trees health. Both types of sprouts may indicate that there is injury or dead wood above the level of the sprouts. This is likely when a tree without a history of such sprouting begins to send out suckers and watersprouts. They are a compensatory mechanism, an attempt by the tree for to find vigor when it is not being provided by other vegetation.   How to Remove Suckers and Watersprouts It is best to remove suckers and watersprouts immediately. These shoots  divert energy from upper growth on the tree, and removing them will promote development  of the upper greenery. Suckers and watersprouts  can also quickly ruin the aesthetic appearance  of a tree.  Ã‚   Some care should be taken when removing suckers and watersprouts  to ensure clean edges. Tearing away sprouts can leave ragged edges where bacterial or fungus can take hold, so cutting them away with sharp tools is a better strategy.   Mix one part bleach and 10 parts water in a bucket.Dip your hand pruner or lopping shares into the bleach solution to sterilize the blades.  Cut away the sprout with the blade held at a 45- to 60-degree angle, as close as possible to the trunk, tree branch, or tree base. The goal is to cut inside any bud areas where new sprouts might emerge. Take care not to damage the trunk or main branch.   Where suckers or watershoots are extremely  prevalent, or when they appear suddenly on a tree with no history of them, it may indicate a major problem with the tree.  Removal of the tree  may be your only solution when suckers are too numerous. You will then need to apply a brush killer to control the sprouts that may come up from the remaining stump.

The nurses role as a cultural broker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The nurses role as a cultural broker - Essay Example Nurses as cultural brokers had a role to build an understanding of the cultural factors and awareness of the different communities they serve and of the many ways in which such factors influence communities and the community members. It is not a must for a Cultural Broker to be a member of a particular cultural background or community. However, it was a requirement for them to have a history and experience with different cultural groups for which they serve as brokers. They needed to respect and trust the community they are working for, have knowledge of the community’s values, beliefs, and health practices of different cultural groups. It is equally important for them to have a clear understanding of the traditional and indigenous wellness and healing networks of that particular community for them to be effective middlemen. Nurses as cultural brokers ensure that individuals’ values customs and spiritual beliefs of an individual are respected accordingly. The nurses also ensure an individual receives information that is accurate, sufficient and culturally appropriate manner on which to base consent for care and treatment. The final role was to navigate the health care delivery and the community’s supportive systems (Parker, 2001).

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 89

Assignment Example To be a project manager and utilize my abilities in a reputable organization that will enable me learn, grow and further my skills and knowledge in Engineering, Business, and Management. I anticipate this to happen in the next two years and develop my credentials to contribute positively in the expansion and prosperity of the firm. The goal is essential in the timely realization of my dreams, goals and ambitions in being a successful corporate executive in the energy management multinational. In addition, it will help me launch my consultancy business in matters of energy efficiency and project management in engineering. To successfully achieve all this, it is important to aggressively acquire the necessary skills within the shortest time possible. A reputable company is preferred because it exposes a person to world class management techniques and requisite development networks. I will institute a workable self-evaluation tactic. The continuous self-assessment will be made within a three-month cycle. I will put down every milestone, progress; a new skill acquired, networks developed. If it is done for the first two cycles totaling six months, a reliable pattern will be noticed. Therefore, if there is an unusual occurrence in the subsequent months, then a corrective step will be taken appropriately. When I have a progressive promotion and create resourceful contacts into my network, my goal will be achieved. If none of the above happens, I shall not have achieved my

vacume cleaner :: essays research papers fc

The Vacuum Cleaner: A History That Sucks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ehren Gerhard Mrs. Anderson English IV March 28th, 2004  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In our past, we have always demonstrated an insatiable quest for cleanliness. For example, as early as 2300 BC twig brooms were being used to tidy up peoples cave dwellings. (Inventors) In the early 20th century, the United States was enveloped with the rise of the industrial revolution. Surprisingly, one close to home detail was yet to be improved: home sanitation. Later, a revolutionary idea to suck in dirt and dust was considered by British inventor, Hubert Cecile Booth. (Dream) This idea was the start of a cleaning revolution that influenced cleaning practices, controlled disease, and begun a sales industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the persistent affliction of household disease due to sanitation, a more effective cleaning solution was in order. Current cleaning devises were limited to nothing more than a mop and a carpet sweeper. The inventor of the carpet sweeper, Melville Bissell, Originally developed it to preserve his health by sweeping away the dust in his crockery shop. The inventor soon recognized the sweeper’s market potential. They secured tufts of hog bristles with string, dipped the tufts into hot pitch, inserted the tufts into brush rollers, and trimmed them with scissors. (Dream) In another case, American James Spangler suffered from asthma and hypothesized that airborne dust from his carpet sweeper was the aggravate. He invented the electric vacuum cleaner principle that is commonly used in households today. (Dream)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another prevalent dilemma of the time was the maintenance of large structures. At the time, there were many airborne diseases and illnesses that necessitated proper sanitation and disposal. During World War 1, Hubert Booth received an urgent request to vacuum clean the Crystal Palace where the 1st World Expo was held. This was because soldiers in the Crystal Palace kept dieing from an infectious disease that contaminated it. Booth's vacuum cleaning pump sucked in a tremendous amount of dust from the Crystal Palace. It was plagued with germs and thus he subdued the disease. Leaders of Germany, Russia, and France, who attended the Royal Coronation of Edward the Seventh, were all anxious to buy Booth's vacuum cleaning pump. (Inventors)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The response to these modern marveled cleaning machines was obviously enormous. And so became the patent field and sales market. Door to door cleaning became prevalent with such inventors as Hubert Booth and John Thurman. In St. Louis, John Thurman started a horse drawn door-to-door vacuum service similar to Booth's. vacume cleaner :: essays research papers fc The Vacuum Cleaner: A History That Sucks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ehren Gerhard Mrs. Anderson English IV March 28th, 2004  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In our past, we have always demonstrated an insatiable quest for cleanliness. For example, as early as 2300 BC twig brooms were being used to tidy up peoples cave dwellings. (Inventors) In the early 20th century, the United States was enveloped with the rise of the industrial revolution. Surprisingly, one close to home detail was yet to be improved: home sanitation. Later, a revolutionary idea to suck in dirt and dust was considered by British inventor, Hubert Cecile Booth. (Dream) This idea was the start of a cleaning revolution that influenced cleaning practices, controlled disease, and begun a sales industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the persistent affliction of household disease due to sanitation, a more effective cleaning solution was in order. Current cleaning devises were limited to nothing more than a mop and a carpet sweeper. The inventor of the carpet sweeper, Melville Bissell, Originally developed it to preserve his health by sweeping away the dust in his crockery shop. The inventor soon recognized the sweeper’s market potential. They secured tufts of hog bristles with string, dipped the tufts into hot pitch, inserted the tufts into brush rollers, and trimmed them with scissors. (Dream) In another case, American James Spangler suffered from asthma and hypothesized that airborne dust from his carpet sweeper was the aggravate. He invented the electric vacuum cleaner principle that is commonly used in households today. (Dream)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another prevalent dilemma of the time was the maintenance of large structures. At the time, there were many airborne diseases and illnesses that necessitated proper sanitation and disposal. During World War 1, Hubert Booth received an urgent request to vacuum clean the Crystal Palace where the 1st World Expo was held. This was because soldiers in the Crystal Palace kept dieing from an infectious disease that contaminated it. Booth's vacuum cleaning pump sucked in a tremendous amount of dust from the Crystal Palace. It was plagued with germs and thus he subdued the disease. Leaders of Germany, Russia, and France, who attended the Royal Coronation of Edward the Seventh, were all anxious to buy Booth's vacuum cleaning pump. (Inventors)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The response to these modern marveled cleaning machines was obviously enormous. And so became the patent field and sales market. Door to door cleaning became prevalent with such inventors as Hubert Booth and John Thurman. In St. Louis, John Thurman started a horse drawn door-to-door vacuum service similar to Booth's.

First Essay

Also my thin frame evokes prejudice and leads others to underestimate my abilities; they assume that am weak. Lastly, people have different first impressions of me based on my tattoo and the way dress. These physical traits provoke both positive and negative criticism. Ultimately, people do not judge me based on my behavior and personality, but rather based on the way I present my body and my physical appearance. People who are tall are usually feared and appear as a threat. My physical eater such as being tall causes people to judge me. Being tall is usually associated with being looked at as powerful and intimidating.For example, I can relate to this through my experience when walking by people in the middle of the night; others tend to keep their distance from me, avoid eye contact and sometimes even cross the street to avoid any interaction. Due to my tall stature, I look less vulnerable and avoid less conflict compared to someone who is shorter than me. Also, due to my height, p eople automatically assume that I'm athletic or that I'm good at sports because Of y height advantage. For instance, during high school, teachers and peers attempted to recruit me to numerous sports teams such as basketball, volleyball and ultimate Frisbee.Their effort in trying to include me within various groups made me feel wanted and this helped boost my self-esteem. Without my height, these coaches and peers would not have seen â€Å"potential† and would not have considered me in the first place. Finally my tallness provides the people accompany -? such as friends and family -? a sense of security. When one of my friends got into a heated argument with someone, he person was right up on my friends face and started to push him back but when I intervened to help my friend, the person started to back off.My presence gave the person arguing with my friend less confidence to continue. This also helped my friend to feel safe and protected around me. Overall, my height has an i mpact on people's perspective of me and has led me to be judged for better or for worse. Those who are skinny are usually stereotyped and judge, some are even picked on because they appear so vulnerable and weak. For instance, since I m thin, people tend to think that I do not workout therefore thinking I am weak, and when I go to the gym, people always assume that it is my first time there.Others feel obligated to try to teach me proper form and recommend a variety of workouts to do. They seem surprised when tell them that I have a workout schedule and that I've been going to the gym to work out for almost three years now. Just because I am skinny, people think they know more than me when it comes to working out, but this is not necessarily true, since I've been working out for a long time to know how to work out properly. Also, when playing basketball, my thin frame gives my opponents the impression that do not look like a challenge.Every time I play basketball, teams always send their weakest defender on me thinking that I am weak and not good enough to score on him. Thanks to my skinny figure teams always underestimate me by giving their weakest defender the task of guarding me. This advantage has helped me to achieve titles such as leading scorer and MAP for the various teams I have joined. In general, my lean physique leads to people looking down on me and underestimating my skill. The way in which people treat me and approach me is based on the way I present myself. The way I dress determines how others approach me or do not approach me at all.For example, when I am on the bus and am wearing loose clothing, I see that not as much people want to sit beside me compared to when I am wearing a more professional attire. On a bus ride to school, I was wearing my hooded sweater and jogging pants and for the whole ride no one dared to take the open seat beside me. The way dress gave me an unapproachable atmosphere to my fellow commuters. In comparison, when I m wearing a dress shirt and dress pants I noticed that more people sat beside me on the bus and some even attempted to have conversations with me.This outfit makes me look much more professional and approachable. Kisses, my tattoo also has an impact on how people see me. People seem to think that having a tattoo automatically makes you a bad person. This one time when entered a barber shop I overheard a mother and her son having a conversation about my tattoo. The boy asked her mom if she would let him get a tattoo like mines and his mom replied by telling him that only people ho do not care and respect for their bodies get tattoo's.My tattoo makes me seem like I do not care about myself. Similarly, my tattoo makes it difficult for others to trust me because they have the pre-conceived idea that people with tattoos are trouble makers. Whenever I enter a small store such as a convenience store, I have noticed how the store owner treats me. The store owner always leaves his/her positio n at the cash register and walks to the same aisle as me and pretends to be stocking the shelves when in fact I know hat he/she is actually watching me because they think might be stealing. people with tattoos are generally viewed as rebels, troublemakers, and results into people thinking that we are always up to no good. Hence, the way in which I present my body leads to varied first impressions. In conclusion, my height, body shape and the manner by which I present myself leads people to prejudge me based of my appearance rather than my personality, behavior and other factors. My tallness has lead people to believe that I am powerful, athletic and intimidating. Similarly, my thin build fives people the impression that I am vulnerable and led people to belittle my capabilities.Also, my decision to dress myself a certain way and my tattoo can cause people to make assumptions on my personality whether it is good or bad. Prejudice is still a relevant issue because it limits an individ ual's potential. If we are born small, society restricts that person's mindset to be an athlete because in society we bias the fact that only tall people can excel to be good a sports. Therefore, our society has taught us to live life according to the stereotypes based on our appearance.

Job Interview Guide and Practice for ESL Students

In this extended job interviewing listening selection, youll hear the first few moments of a job interview. Before you listen, there are a few things you should note about standard job interview behavior, speaking forms used, and more. Breaking the Ice Youll notice a few questions in the beginning of the interview that concerns how the job applicant arrived and the weather. This is commonly referred to as breaking the ice. Breaking the ice is an important way to begin the job interview, but it shouldnt take too long. Generally, job interviewers will break the ice to help you feel comfortable. Make sure to give positive, but not too detailed answers to these ice breakers. Give short, positive answers to questions.Dont go into too much detail.Expect questions about the weather or how you arrived at the job interview.Its a good idea to make a pleasant comment yourself to break the ice. Keep it short, positive and simple. Referrals Sometimes, you may have found about a job opportunity through a referral. If this is the case, make sure to use the referral to your best advantage by mentioning it at the beginning of the interview. Mention the name of the referral at the beginning of the interview. Ideally, this should be done when asked about how you found the job opening.Provide the name of the referral, but dont go into too much detail about the relationship, unless asked.Give the name of the referral only once. Dont continue to repeat the name during the interview.Dont assume the job interviewer knows the person you are mentioning. Language Relating your job experience and how it relates to the specific job for which you are applying are the two most important tasks during any job interview. Make sure to use lots of descriptive verbs and adjectives to describe your responsibilities. For example, instead of the following job description: I talked to customers about their problems. A more descriptive phrase with better vocabulary might be: I counseled customers documenting their concerns, and coordinating our response to their individual needs. In the listening selection, you will hear the present perfect, present perfect continuous and present simple used because the person is speaking about his current projects. Take some time to prepare descriptive sentences concerning your responsibilities.Use a dictionary, or this handy job interview vocabulary page to improve your vocabulary selection.Make sure to connect your past experience to the position by using lots of present perfect.Quickly review appropriate job interviewing tenses for describing experiences. Now that youve reviewed some basic interviewing technique, open this link in a new window and listen a few times to the job interview listening selection. If you have difficulties understanding, go to the next page to see a transcription of the job interview. Interviewer (Ms Hanford): (opens door, shakes hands) Good morning†¦Job Applicant (Mr. Anderson): Good morning, Joe Anderson, its a pleasure to meet you Ms Hanford. Hanford: How do you do? Please take a seat. (Joe sits) Its quite the rainy day outside, isnt it?Anderson: Yes, luckily, you have a nice underground parking lot that helped me avoid the worst of it. I must say this is an impressive building. Hanford: Thank you, we like working here... Now, lets see. Youve come to interview for the position of e-commerce manager, havent you?Anderson: Yes, Peter Smith encouraged me to apply, and I think Id be ideal for the position. Hanford: Oh. Peter†¦ hes a great sysadmin, we like him a lot †¦ Lets go over your resume. Could you begin by telling me about your qualifications?Anderson: Certainly. Ive been working as the regional assistant director of marketing at Simpco Northwest for the past year. Hanford: And what did you do before that?Anderson: Before that, I was a Simpco local branch manager in Tacoma. Hanford: Well, I see you have done well at Simpco. Can you give me some more detail about your responsibilities as assistant director?Anderson: Yes, Ive been in charge of in-house personnel training for our Internet customer service reps over the past six months. Hanford: Can you tell me a little bit about what youve been doing in your training?Anderson: Weve been working on improving customer satisfaction through an innovative e-commerce solution which provides real-time chat service help to visitors to the site. Hanford: Interesting. Is there anything in particular you feel would be useful here at Sanders Co.?Anderson: I understand that you have been expanding your e-commerce to include social networking features. Hanford: Yes, thats correct.Anderson: I think that my experience in customer relations via the Internet in real-time puts me in the unique position of understanding what works and what doesnt. Hanford: Yes, that does sound useful. What difficulties and challenges do you think we might run into?Anderson: Well, I think well continue to see consumers spend more of the shopping dollars online. Ive been studying how sales directly relates to customer satisfaction with online services. Hanford: Would you mind giving me a bit more detail on that?Anderson: Sure ... if customers arent satisfied with the service they receive online, they wont come back. Its much easier to lose customers online. Thats why you need to make sure that you get it right the first time round. Hanford: I can see youve learnt quite a lot in the short time youve been working in e-commerce.Anderson: Yes, its an exciting field to be working in †¦